Abstract To study the stability of meat color in the post-slaughter storage process of Qinchuan cattle, three different bovine muscles, including longissimus dorsi (LD), knee round (KR) and psoas major (PM) muscles of Qinchuan cattle, were selected as research objects to determine the changes in meat color, myoglobin (Mb) relative content, pH, oxygen consumption rate (OCR), total iron, heme iron (HI) and other contents during storage. With the prolongation of the storage time, the relative content of oxymyoglobin (OxyMb) decreased, the relative content of metmyoglobin (MetMb) gradually increased, and muscle browning was due to the increase of a* value and hue value; Among them, HI and non-heme iron (NHI) reduced the stability of meat color by accelerating lipid oxidation, which was consistent with the results of Mb content and meat color index determining meat color stability. Therefore, the total iron content in muscles can also be used as an indicator of meat color stability.

Abstract Based on the theory of single-phase elastic medium and unsaturated porous medium, the vibration isolation effect of composite multilayer wave impeding block (WIB) in the unsaturated ground under an underground dynamic load is investigated. The results show that the best vibration isolation effect can be obtained by designing the wave impedance ratio between the composite multilayer WIB and unsaturated ground. The composite multilayer WIB improves the vibration-damping bandwidth compared with the homogeneous WIB. The vibration isolation effect is better the closer the embedded depth of the composite multilayer WIB is to the vibration source, and its vibration isolation effect increases significantly with the increase of thickness, but when the thickness of the WIB exceeds a certain critical thickness, its vibration isolation effect decreases with the increase of thickness. Soil saturation has a significant effect on the vibration isolation effect of composite multilayer WIB in the unsaturated ground, and the composite multilayer WIB can achieve a better vibration isolation effect at low saturation. singlephase single phase (WIB investigated vibrationdamping damping source

Abstract Background and objectives With the intensive study of lung protective ventilation strategies, people begin to advocate the individualized application of positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP). This study investigated the optimal PEEP in patients during one-lung ventilation (OLV) and its effects on pulmonary mechanics and oxygenation. Methods Fifty-eight patients who underwent elective thoracoscopic lobectomy were randomly divided into two groups. Both groups received an alveolar recruitment maneuver (ARM) after OLV. Patients in Group A received optimal PEEP followed by PEEP decremental titration, while Group B received standard 5 cmH2O PEEP until the end of OLV. Relevant indexes of respiratory mechanics, pulmonary oxygenation and hemodynamics were recorded after entering the operating room (T0), 10 minutes after intubation (T1), pre-ARM (T2), 20 minutes after the application of optimal PEEP (T3), at the end of OLV (T4) and at the end of surgery (T5). Postoperative outcomes were also assessed. Results The optimal PEEP obtained in Group A was 8.8 ± 2.4 cmH2O, which positively correlated with BMI and forced vital capacity (FVC). Group A had a higher CPAT than Group B at T3, T4, T5 (p< 0.05) and a smaller ΔP than Group B at T3, T4 (p< 0.01). At T4, PaO2 was significantly higher in Group A (p< 0.01). At T3, stroke volume variation was higher in Group A (p< 0.01). Postoperative outcomes did not differ between the two groups. Conclusions Our findings suggest that the individualized PEEP can increase lung compliance, reduce driving pressure, and improve pulmonary oxygenation in patients undergoing thoracoscopic lobectomy, with little effect on hemodynamics.

RESUMO Introdução: Um novo sistema de detecção de eletrocardiograma de exercício (ECG) foi investigado neste estudo para diagnosticar e analisar a função cardiopulmonar e doenças relacionadas de maneira abrangente e oportuna e melhorar a precisão do diagnóstico. Além disso, sua confiabilidade e aplicabilidade clínica foram julgadas. Objetivo: Um novo tipo de sistema de detecção de ECG de esforço foi construído adicionando parâmetros como mecânica respiratória, dióxido de carbono e monitoramento da concentração de oxigênio com base no sistema de detecção de ECG tradicional. Métodos: O novo sistema construído neste estudo realizou a detecção do sinal de ECG, módulo de aquisição de ECG e detecção de pressão arterial e mecânica respiratória, e conduziu um teste de conformidade padrão. Resultados: A precisão da frequência cardíaca detectada pelo sistema de ECG de esforço foi muito maior do que a detecção manual do médico (P <0,05). A precisão do novo sistema de detecção de ECG de esforço aumentou obviamente em contraste com o resultado da detecção manual (P <0,05). O ruído de entrada do índice técnico principal e os resultados do teste de impedância de entrada (24,5 μV e 12,4 MΩ) do sistema de detecção de ECG de esforço estão em conformidade com o padrão (<30 μV e> 2,5 MΩ). A rejeição do modo comum e os resultados do teste de taxa de amostragem (103,5 dB e 515 Hz) dos indicadores técnicos principais no sistema de detecção de ECG de esforço estavam todos alinhados com os padrões (≥89 dB e ≥500 Hz). Conclusão: O sistema completo de detecção de ECG de esforço foi construído através da combinação de módulo de aquisição de ECG, detecção de pressão arterial e módulo de detecção de mecânica respiratória. Além disso, esse sistema poderia ser aplicado à detecção de indicadores de monitoramento de ECG com alta precisão e confiabilidade, o que poderia ser amplamente adotado no diagnóstico clínico. Nível de evidência II; Estudos terapêuticos- investigação dos resultados do tratamento.

ABSTRACT Introduction: A new exercise electrocardiogram (ECG) detection system was investigated in this study to diagnose and analyze cardiopulmonary function and related diseases in a comprehensive and timely manner and improve the accuracy of diagnosis. Besides, its reliability and clinical applicability were judged. Objective: A new type of exercise ECG detection system was constructed by adding parameters such as respiratory mechanics, carbon dioxide, and oxygen concentration monitoring based on the traditional ECG detection system. Methods: The new system constructed in this study carried out the ECG signal detection, ECG acquisition module, blood pressure and respiratory mechanics detection and conducted a standard conformance test. Results: The heart rate accuracy detected by the exercise ECG system was greatly higher than that of the doctor's manual detection (P < 0.05). The accuracy of the new exercise ECG detection system increased obviously in contrast to that of the manual detection result (P < 0.05). The key technical index input noise and input impedance test results (24.5 μV and 12.4 MΩ) of the exercise ECG detection system conformed to the standard (< 30 μV and > 2.5 MΩ). The common-mode rejection and sampling rate test results (103.5 dB and 515 Hz) of key technical indicators in the exercise ECG detection system were all in line with the standards (≥89 dB and ≥500 Hz). Conclusion: The complete exercise ECG detection system was constructed through the ECG acquisition module, blood pressure detection, and respiratory mechanics detection module. In addition, this system could be applied to detect ECG monitoring indicators with high accuracy and reliability, which could also be extensively adopted in clinical diagnosis. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment results.

RESUMEN Introducción: En este estudio se investigó un nuevo sistema de detección de electrocardiograma de esfuerzo (ECG) para diagnosticar y analizar la función cardiopulmonar y enfermedades relacionadas de manera integral y oportuna, y mejorar la precisión del diagnóstico. Además, se evaluó su confiabilidad y aplicabilidad clínica. Objetivo: Se construyó un nuevo tipo de sistema de detección de ECG de ejercicio agregando parámetros como la mecánica respiratoria, el dióxido de carbono y el monitoreo de la concentración de oxígeno sobre la base del sistema de detección de ECG tradicional. Métodos: El nuevo sistema construido en este estudio llevó a cabo la detección de la señal de ECG, el módulo de adquisición de ECG y la detección de la presión arterial y la mecánica respiratoria, y realizó una prueba de conformidad estándar. Resultados: la precisión de la frecuencia cardíaca detectada por el sistema de ECG de ejercicio fue mucho mayor que la de la detección manual del médico (P <0,05). La precisión del nuevo sistema de detección de ECG de esfuerzo aumentó obviamente en contraste con el resultado de la detección manual (P <0.05). Los resultados de la prueba de impedancia de entrada y ruido de entrada de índice técnico clave (24,5 μV y 12,4 MΩ) del sistema de detección de ECG de esfuerzo cumplieron con el estándar (<30 μV y> 2,5 MΩ). Los resultados de la prueba de frecuencia de muestreo y rechazo en modo común (103,5 dB y 515 Hz) de los indicadores técnicos clave en el sistema de detección de ECG de esfuerzo estaban en línea con los estándares (≥89 dB y ≥500 Hz). Conclusión: El sistema completo de detección de ECG de ejercicio se construyó mediante la combinación del módulo de adquisición de ECG, la detección de la presión arterial y el módulo de detección de la mecánica respiratoria. Además, este sistema podría aplicarse a la detección de indicadores de monitoreo de ECG con alta precisión y confiabilidad, que también podría adoptarse ampliamente en el diagnóstico clínico. Nivel de evidencia II; Estudios terapéuticos- investigación de los resultados del tratamiento.

RESUMO Introdução A Athletic Identity Measurement Scale (AIMS) é um instrumento multidimensional para medir a identidade atlética, já validada em diferentes amostras culturais do mundo, exceto na China Continental. Objetivo O presente estudo tem como objetivo testar a validade da AIMS na versão da China Continental. Métodos A amostra foi composta por 205 atletas, incluindo 150 atletas estudantes e 55 atletas aposentados. A validação da estrutura fatorial e da coerência interna foi avaliada por análises fatoriais confirmatórias e cálculo do alfa de Cronbach em oito modelos distintos propostos na literatura.. Resultados Os resultados indicaram que o modelo de 7 itens e 2 fatores se ajusta melhor em amostras de atletas aposentados, enquanto o modelo de 7 itens e 3 fatores se ajusta melhor em amostras de atletas estudantes, de acordo com critérios de ajuste rigoroso. Conclusões Com base na análise dos dados, comprova-se que a estrutura multidimensional dos 7 itens da AIMS é válida para a cultura da China Continental. Nível de evidência II; Estudo comparativo.

ABSTRACT Introduction The Athletic Identity Measurement Scale (AIMS) is a multi-dimensional instrument for measuring athletic identity and has been validated in different cultural samples around the world, except in mainland China. Objective This study aimed to test the validity of the mainland Chinese version of AIMS. Methods The sample consisted of 205 athletes, including 150 student athletes and 55 retired athletes. Validation of the factor structure and internal consistency was tested by performing confirmatory factor analyses and calculating Cronbach’s alpha on eight different models proposed in the literature. Results The results indicated that the 7-item 2-factor model fit best in retired athlete samples, while the 7-item 3-factor model fit best in student athlete samples, according to stringent fitting criteria. Conclusion Based on the data analysis, it is proven that the 7-item multidimensional structure of AIMS is valid for the mainland Chinese culture. Level of evidence II; Comparative study.

RESUMEN Introducción La Athletic Identity Measurement Scale (AIMS) es un instrumento multidimensional para medir la identidad atlética, ya validada en diferentes muestras culturales del mundo, excepto en China continental. Objetivo El presente estudio tiene por objetivo testear la validez de la AIMS en la versión de China Continental. Métodos La muestra fue compuesta por 205 atletas, incluyendo a 150 atletas estudiantes y a 55 atletas jubilados. La validación de la estructura factorial y de la coherencia interna fue evaluada por análisis factoriales confirmatorios y cálculo del alfa de Cronbach en ocho modelos distintos propuestos en la literatura. Resultados Los resultados indicaron que el modelo de 7 ítems y 2 factores se ajusta mejor en muestras de atletas jubilados, mientras que el modelo de 7 ítems y 3 factores se ajusta mejor en muestras de atletas estudiantes, de acuerdo con criterios de ajuste riguroso. Conclusiones Con base en el análisis de los datos, se comprueba que la estructura multidimensional de los 7 ítems de la AIMS es válida para la cultura de China Continental. Nivel de Evidencia II; Estudio Comparativo.

Abstract: The aim of this systematic review was to investigate the association between the different factors of loading protocols and the long-term stability of micro-screws from biomechanical and histological viewpoints. Searches were performed on PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Wanfang and CNKI databases for animal experiments comparing loading protocols and the long-term stability of micro-screws. Among 1011 detected papers, 16 studies met the eligibility criteria and were selected for analysis. Most studies showed medium methodological quality for evaluation of micro-screws' long-term stability. Five studies reported that loading would not destroy the long-term stability of micro-screws. Three studies indicated that low-intensity immediate loading or a 3-week minimal healing time was acceptable. Two studies reported that the loading magnitude was a controversial issue with regard to the micro-screws' long-term stability. Two studies suggested that counterclockwise loading could decrease the long-term stability of micro-screws. In conclusion, immediate loading below 100g force, healing time greater than 3 weeks, regular loading below 200g force and a clockwise direction of force supported the long-term stability of micro-screws. Further studies relating to the combination of varying loading conditions will be needed.